Saturday, May 7, 2011

Stellenbosch, opening the doors to the best university education in South Africa

By Anika Schelhase


Stellenbosch, the oldest established town in South Africa, has long since been a shining beacon in the history of the countries education. The Dutch Reformed Church found a parish here as early as 1685 and regular school instruction started. The Cape Colony started operating a system of centrally controlled Public Schools in the 1840's and under this system, the town was recognized as a divisional centre for education.

In 1859 another of the town's older education institutions was established, the Theological Seminary of the Dutch Reformed Church. There was even money collected a few years later for a gymnasium to be built. This was achieved in a very short time. In 1866 the local public school was recognized as a 'First Class Public School' under the new Education Act. The school became known as the Stellenbosch Gymnasium. The then Board of Examiners was replaced by the Examining University of the Cape of Good Hope in 1873 thus increasing standards and demanding more advanced teaching. The Stellenbosch Gymnasium set up its own professorial division in 1874 to help meet this new demand. This was called the Arts Department and could be considered as the start of today's Faculties of Arts and Science.

The town resolved to erect a suitable College building on its 200th anniversary in 1879 to house the new Arts Department. This was approved by the Prime Minister of the time and a considerable amount was given for the project on condition that the public attributed a like amount. On the 22nd of December 1880 the foundation stone of the new building was laid. The formal opening of the new building took place on 6 November 1886 and a year later, in her jubilee year, Queen Victoria consented to the name being changed to the Victoria College of Stellenbosch.

Throughout the following years many departments were added to the new Victoria College, namely the Agricultural department which was later moved to Elsenberg, the Physics Laboratory and the Chirstian Marias Library. Wanting to extend University activities a separation of the chairs of Philosophy and English Literature and Greek and Latin took place. They also established chairs in Zoologoy, Botany, History and Applied Mathematics.

Mr Jan Marais of Coetzenburg eventually made the transition to University status possible in 1918 by bequeathing a very generous sum to the cause of higher education. This was approved and the College became the University of Stellenbosch. The students numbers have grown since then from about 500 to 22 000. The University continues to change and adapt today to suit the needs of the country's education and student training.




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